NUR 633 ICU Quiz 3

ICU Quiz 3: Multiple choice questions. Topics included are Topic 6 and 7 readings. Timed 30 minutes & will not allow backtracking to any answers after they submitted. Taken any time during Topic 8.  

Read chapters 3, 5, 6, 9, and 13

Chapter 5

Cholinergic antagonists – agents that bind to cholinoceptor (muscarinic or nicotinic) and prevent the effects of acetylcholine (Ach) and other cholinergic agents.

Antimuscarinic agent – Atropine (isopto atropine)- tertiary amine belladonna alkaloid with high affinity for muscarinic receptor, binds competitively and  prevents Ach from binding to those sites – acts centrally and peripherally – lasts 4 hours – except topically in the eye could last for days – greatest inhibitory effects are bronchial tissue and secretion of sweat and saliva Action:

• eye – blocks muscarinic activity in the eyes resulting in mydriasis (dilation of the pupil), unresponsiveness to light, cycloplegia (inability to focus for near vision) – angle-closure glaucoma, intraocular pressure may rise
• GI – used as an antispasmodic to reduce activity of the GI tract – Atropine and scopolamine – most potent antispasmodic drugs – not effective forpeptic ulcer – side effects reduced saliva secretion, ocular accommodation and urination
• Cardiovascular – dosage dependent – low doses decreased heart rate. Effect results from blockade of the M, receptors on the inhibitory prejunctional neurons – higher dose can cause a progressive increase in the heart rate by blocking the M2 receptors of the sinoatrial node
• Secretions – blocks muscarinic receptors in salivary glands, producing dryness of the mouth (xerostomia) Sweat and lacrimal glands….

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